The below should work fine I suppose, but you've no WHERE attribute so it's not very defined. You've also posted in CB 1.2.2 boards, please upgrade to CB 1.2.3.
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'[cb_foodtype]' LIKE ( SELECT `name` FROM `#__menu` LIMIT 1 )
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Syntax is the same as any query. Test within phpmyadmin. Example of the above tested in phpmyadmin as follows.
[code:1]
'fruit' LIKE ( SELECT `name` FROM `jos_menu` LIMIT 1 )
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The limit is required because your query will contain more then 1 row and won't work. I recommend the following documentation for more MYSQL usage information.
dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.0/en/index.html