So 8 years ago, the answer was no.
www.joomlapolis.com/forum/developer-members-support/236784-default-value-for-radio-buttons
I realize the new custom field I defined does not have any value set for a Yes/No field, but it's really a basic expectation that I should have Yes or No set by default.
It doesn't work in the backend field setting to say an empty field is the default. I can code for the field being empty or zero for the default but is there an *xml file I can edit or JavaScript I can add to a templates file, just to show the default "Yes" is selected in Profile Edit? An autoaction triggered by Profile Edit seems excessive.
Update: I decided I could accomplish what I wanted with a single checkbox, so nevermind. I'll just leave this up in case any one else is interested.